ar

1  poss. pron. 1 pl. (eclipsing) 3.17, etc.; for forms with preps. see Introduction pp.28-31 2  prep. representing earlier ar (leniting), for (non-leniting), and iar (eclipsing); for pronom. forms, etc.; see Introduction p. 28; ‘upon’ 8.10; also in ar altōir 49.21, ar des Dé 13.19, ar phaidrīnibh 51.11-12, ar ín talamh 51.11-12; also in ar neamh ‘in(to) heaven’ 13.18, 15.11; for phrases ar an adhbhar sin, ar bith, ar chostas, ar gcúl, ar diúltadh, ar feadh, ar grádh, ar an nós gcéadna, ar tús, see entry for the subst.; for various meanings depending on preceding subst. or adj., see airdcheann, breitheamh, cúram, fiadhnaise, leas, ocaras, oidhre, rannadóir, riaghail, seasmhach; for phrases with preceding vb. (or vb. n.), see féachain, feitheamh, guidhim, iarraim; for use in constructions of type x do dhéanamh (thabhairt, etc.) ar y, see aire, arthrughadh, buaidhreadh, ceartughadh, eagla, feidhm, meatacht, trócaire; frequent in construction, ar (eclipsing) + vb. n. (earlier iar) 4.2, 4.3, 5.14, etc.; exceptionally ar ar = ar n-ar  in ar ar slugadh 31.5 3  rel. partc., with preps. such as ann, ar, etc.; sim. in ar son ar dhoirt 50.11 4  in conjunction with nach, nach ar (= nach ro) 38.17, [55].1 5  form of copula in rel. construction 19.11; see Introduction, p. 36

1. ar [68] cuirim ar a fhola 63 2; ar dearg 95 17 n; ar gan fhál 71 12; as vn. “tilling” 21 7, 49 29; foghmhar-ar 60 26. 2. ar n-, iar n-, + poss. 2 sg. ar n-at oileamhain 82 30; ar sodhain 25 2; ar n-éag dó 10 31; ar n-éag cuinn 12 25. 3. ar (<i n-+rel.+ro), 23 21, 40 34; ’n-ar also used. 4. ar, ar‘, +dat. or acc.; +pron. or(a)m; or(a)t, -d; air; uirre, uirthe; orainn, oirn; oruibh, oirbh; ortha(ibh), oirthibh, araibh (26 4 n); for rules as to eclipsis or aspiration after prep. phrases (ar sgáth, druim, cúl, neart, aghaidh, comhair, cumas, riocht, seilbh, ionchuibh, cúlaibh, béalaibh, aith-ris, etc.) cf. 24 P 8 188, 220. Uses: vid. TS, also: by (in requests, imprecations, etc.) 51 7; +vn. in state of, etc. 60 5 n; in exchange for 1 10, 28, 26 2, 60 16, 86 28; a-tú, anaim, beirim, ceilim, etc. ar, vid. a-tú, anaim, etc.

1. ar’ prep., followed by acc. or dat. on; ar fhiodhradh mbaissi 1413, ar Fiadh bhFuinigh 71. Conjugated; 2 s. ort 1200; 3 sm. air 634; 3 sf. uirre 1268, uirthe 177; 1 pl. oirn(e) 600; 2 pl. oraibh 520; 3 pl. orra 1182; ortha 110, orthaibh 30.
2. [N. 68] ploughing, field 679, 953.
3. ar (n-) prep. followed by acc. (usually of vn.) after; ar ccor 44, ar ndol 596, iar n-ég 2726.
4. ar (n-) poss. pron. 1 pl. our, my, ar n-énlocht 1828.

1. says. arsan, 'says the,' 2179 n.
2. ploughing. innlid ar abhallmhagh bhfionn, they prepare a ploughing of the apple-bearing plains (i.e., they ravage the territory), 881.

ploughing, 1653; “ploughland’ : ní dual foghail oir tar fhál, 768

1. our, 796, 1082, 1410, 2268, ár, 2266, 3090.
2. rfh., >air, 968, 1083, 2261, 4795, uire, 2680, oruibh, 6335; ar so, 375, 2153, 2213; ar<thar, 6385; seachna ar, avoidance of, 1677; bél ar bhél, [speaking] face to face, 2281; píanta troma air, subject to dire punishments, 2795; ar an ccúis depending on the case, 4717; cumthar orruinn, we are falsely accused of, 4944; Dia dár saoradh uirre, 6297-8; aifrionn ar mharbh, 6427; ag ibhi decohann ar a chēile, 6475; agus féach glan, toradh, lámh.

(68), d'or 2654.

1. m., tillage, ploughing, 6940, 7461

2. (eclipsing), our, 32, 33

3. said, ‘ait, inquit,’ ar sé, 2566; ar siad, 2567; ar an t-anam, 5047

4. prep., on, upon, over, etc., combining the usages of O. Ir. for ‘on’ and ar (asp.) ‘for, before,’ etc. A third prep. ar (ecl.) can still be distinguished, see iar. With pronom. elements it assumes the forms orm, 5217, oram, 2706, 4097; ort, 5047; air, 10; f., uirre, 34; orainn, 2114; oirn, 1188; oraibh, 5870; orra, 20; ortha, 1593

In general it may be said that ar corresponds to the word upon; ar a mbiadh an singin, 705; ar an mbord, 281; ar an raon, 666; ar tulaigh aird, 677; ar aon-láthair, 679; ar a leabaidh, 776; ar altóir, 828; ar leic, 829; ar chlár, 857; ar deil, 315; ar thinnteán, 1588 Used [A] before nouns, often without the article, to express advbl. notions of time, place, manner, cause, and usually it does not aspirate, unless the noun is folld. by a genitive:--(1) of time, ar ball, at once, 5233; ar feadh, throughout the length of, 1309, 2227, 2250, 4373; ar ló, by day, 1685; ar maidin, in the morning, 3801; [ar dtús, first, 117]; ar uainibh, ‘now and again,’ 115: (2) of place, ar bealach, 2582; ar bioth, in existence= ‘at all,’ 2900; ar fad, lengthwise, 722; ar fairrge, at sea, 3711; ar fud, throughout with gen., 2517; ar ghrinneall, at the bottom of, 579; ar lár, on the ground, fallen, 4752; ar an láthair, 2854; ar lear, 736; leath ar leath, side by side, 907; ar mhuir na beatha, 107; ar neamh, in heaven, 2231; ar tarsna ‘breadth-wise,’ 722; ar talmhain, on earth, 3059, 4630; ar tí, on the point of (see tí); do bharr...ar, over and above, 4415-6: (3) of manner, ar an gcor so, 1710; ar chor oile, ‘aliter,’ 3523; ar gach aon-chor, 4568; ar chruth, ar dheilbh, in the form, image of, 1329; cf. 323; ar an dara modh, 1781; ar aon-mhodh, 6474; often before verbal nouns of condition [a] e. gr. before baill-chrioth, trembling, 1039; deoraidheacht, in exile, 3449; fán, astray, 2522; fiarlaoid, id., 2523; fiochadh, boiling, 8768; foluamhain, hovering, 2559; lasadh, a-blaze, 8582; marcaigheacht, riding, 10664; meisge, drunk, 2006; aoidheacht, as a guest, 7154; ósda, id., 3719; seachrán, astray, 2523; siubhal, moving, 106; [b] in phr. ar breith, possible, 2606, 3836; (cur) ar cairde, to put off, 4658; ar ceal, id., 4559; ar choimirce, in care of, 2176; ar choingheall, on condition, 9099; ar coinnmheadh, ‘on coigny,’ 2783; ar cóisir, feasting, 286; ar chumus, in the power of, 901; ar fhaosamh, under protection of, 2716; ar fhéachain, to look at, 10452; ar leattrom, under oppression, 4766; ar thogha, at the choice of, 5045; ar thoil, according to the will of, 2228: (4) of cause, ar dhá adhbhar, 764; ar eagla, for fear, 1151; ar fhoráileamh, at the bidding of, 2453; ar fhulang Dé, by God’s permission, 2422; ar impidhe, through the intercession of, 4825; ar mhéad a fhuinn dóibh, 4424; ar a shon, for his sake, 956, 4345; of recognising a person by some sign, aitheantar ar a bhéasgna, 1774 [B] after verbs of motion: (1) upon, against; of leaping on, striking, inflicting, etc.; e. gr. breith ar, to seize, lay hands on, overtake, 7424; buailtear soighead air, 2516, 2520; crothadh, 876; fearthain, 2573; filleadh, restore to, 4935; imirt, inflict (punishment) on, 6, 706; do léig a ucht ar a dhéis, 2457; lingeadh, 517, 543; luighe, 10; an drong mheasgas iad féin air, 9551; sileadh, 2467; teagmháil, 646; teilgean, 740; teacht ar, to attack, 995; croidhe Dé do thoidheacht orra, ‘that God’s heart turns towards them,’ 4489, 4824; tilleadh, 967, 1617; tuirling, 533; tuitim, 2503. (2) Frequently after cor, déanamh, tabhairt, with suitable predicates:--after cor, barr broide, 4526; bail nó caoi chneasta, 5118; comaoin, 4395; cuing, 2423; cúram, 4529; fios, 9095; gairm, 9105; impidhe, 34; righneas, 5099; toirmeasg, 5070;--after déanamh with ainiocht, 4686; beartughadh, 26; breitheamhnas, 808; bronntas, 2224; casaoid, 4557; cneadh, 2524; cnuasach, 4611; díbhfearg, 4514; faire, 2688; fromhadh, 5007; guidhe, 4545; leigheas, 4743; leir-mheas, 748; lot, 2591; moill, 4681; oibriughadh, 5050; oirleach, 1172; ollmhughadh, 133; sárughadh, 2578; lamh-sgaoileadh, 5121; smuaineadh, 153; trócaire, 4580;--after tabhairt, aithbhear, 2598; amus, 2401; coimmeasgadh, 873; díol, 3884; fuasgladh, 4592; míniughadh, 65; neimhchion, 1868; táir, 9019; tabhairt ar, to call, name 1378; see exx. under do-bheirim (c). (3) After breith, of passing judgment on, 4. (4) After gabháil, inflict blows (with de) upon, 2617. (5) After verbs of praying to, appealing to, éigheamh, 4281; guidhe, 4545, 4728; iarraidh, 2687, 4406: (6) of speaking about, thinking of, treating of, etc., aithris, 178; labhairt, 29; léaghadh, 2498; sgríobhadh, 4283; smuaineadh, 2637; trácht, 6583: (7) of waiting upon, gazing upon, feitheamh, 2799; rinn-fheitheamh, 882; silleadh, 656: (8) of feeding upon, ingheilt, 1963: (9) of enjoining upon, foráileamh, 3841. (10) After verbs of displeasure, threat, complaint, offence, etc.: bagar, 2653, 4899; éagnach, 548; goillim, 5046, 6040; locht d’fhagháil ar, ‘to find fault with,’ 8218. (11) As proof of, dearbhadh, 193; bíodh a fhiadhnaise sin ar, ‘let the proof of that rest on this example,’ 245; ag so suidhte...orra, 6517. (12) After verbs of losing, refusing (to give), hindering,  etc.: --cailleamh, to neglect the interests of, 4587, 4699, 4951; ceilt, to hide from, 4614, 6525; diúltadh, 3564; éimdheadh, 4610; séanadh, 4664, 9034; toirmeasg, 3559, 3563. (13) After verbs of protecting, guaranteeing against:--anacal, 1073, 1547; caomhna, 609, 6895; coimhéad, 973, 5435; díon, 19, 599; imdhídean, 2563; inioclann, 600; iomchosnamh, 594; iongabháil, 596, 7019; saoradh, 1183 [C] of emotions felt by a person, care, sorrow; thirst, need; fear; joy, affection, etc.: e. gr. cúram, 4395; doilgheas, 4405; eagla, 2675; easbaidh, 192; fonn, 2050; lúthgháir, 1146; mian, 2706; riachtanas, 9201; tart, 9240; uamhan, 546; hence, ethically, of extensive usage, expressive of favours conferred on, danger impendent over, liking for, memory of, knowledge about, complaint against, horror for, hatred of, disgust with, debt due from, bond against, claim upon, victory over, power over, etc., of which the following list may be taken as examples:-- ainm, 1225; aithne, 3717; baoghal, 541; barr, 853; briseadh, 10800; casaoid, 9066; ceart, 529; ceangal, 3842; cion, 9637; cóir, 754; commaoin, 4839; cuimhne, 216; cumus, 1722, 2512 (capacity for); díol, 4695; éiliughadh, 755; fiach, 6904; d’fhiachaibh, 4370; fuasgladh, 4592; gean, 1588; gearán, 4511; gráin, 4721; guais, 3842; meadhradh, 1736; meas, 7693; ógláchas, 2226; oirbhire, 4794; onóir, 4223; ruaig, 2453; tár, 907; toil, 5468 The following are examples of the idiomatic construction with two prepp. ag and ar:--amharas: tré amharas do bheith ag duine ar staid na beatha, 6125; --aithne: gan aithne ag aon-duine air, 3717; cf. 8013; --árach: nach bí árach ag an anam ar shuan, 4174;--blas: nach raibhe blas aige uirre, 9487;--buidheachas: gur chomhartha buidheachais do bheith ag Dia air, 6076;--casaoid: ar a mbí casaoid aca, 9066;--ceart: go mbí ceart aca ar ré, 530;--ceangal: go raibhe do cheangal aige ar an mbás, 3842;--cor (cur): cur...do bheith ag an duine ar iasgach na mara, 3048;--cuimhne: go mbí cuimhne aca air, 971;--cumhacht: na cumhachta bhíos ag an mbás ar na drongaibh, 7860;--cumus: --cumus do bheith ag an mbás air, 2512; --gean: an gean bhíos ag neach ar an bpeacadh, 7393; --gearán: ar a mbí gearán trom ag na marbhaibh, 4511;--gráin: do bhí fuath 7 déistin 7 gráin ag A. ar a shiair, 9485;--meas: deigh-mheas do bheith ag an bpobal orra, 8927; --ógláchas: gurab óglachas beatha bhíos ag Dia orra, 2226;--oirchill: oirchill do bheith aige air féin, 1543;--onoir: agá mbíodh onóir ort, 4223;--ruaig: do bhí an ruaig ag na Filistíneachaibh ar Shaul, 2453;--toil: gan a thoil féin do bheith aige ar gach mnaoi, 5468. In these cases ag denotes in general the person who has the claim or possesses the right: ar the person over whom the power is exercised, or from whom the claim is exacted: ag the creditor, ar the debtor